Class 12 Biology Chapter 1 Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Notes (Handwritten and Short Notes PDF)

Hi students,

If you are a class 12 student and looking for a nice and simple notes for chapter 1 “Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants” of Biology, then you are at the right place. This chapter is very important for board exams, and our notes will make your preparation extremely easy.

These notes are specially created by analyzing NCERT latest syllabus and last 10 years board exam question papers.

In this article, we have given complete notes of Class 12 Biology Chapter 1 Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants (NCERT Class 12 Biology). In this note, every point is written in easy language so that you can understand this lesson easily. This note is based on NCERT. That is, this note is useful for all those children who study NCERT in English medium.

Here we have given the Notes in PDF format which you can download so that you can print it and save your time. To download, click on the given Download PDF link.

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Notes PDF Download

Important topics covered in the notes

• Flower – A Fascinating Organ of Angiosperms
  • Structure of a typical flower.
• Pre-fertilisation: Structures and Events
• Stamen, Microsporangium and Pollen Grain:
  • Structure of stamen and microsporangium.
  • Development of pollen grain (male gametophyte).
• The Pistil, Megasporangium (ovule) and Embryo Sac:
  • Structure of pistil (gynoecium) and megasporangium.
  • Development of the embryo sac (female gametophyte).
• Pollination:
  • Kinds of pollination (autogamy, geitonogamy, xenogamy).
  • Agents of pollination (wind, water, insects, etc.).
  • Outbreeding devices.
• Pollen-Pistil Interaction
  • Events from pollen deposition on the stigma until pollen tube entry into the ovule.
  • Artificial hybridisation.
• Double Fertilisation
  • Syngamy and triple fusion.
• Post-fertilisation: Structures and Events
• Endosperm:
  • Development of the endosperm.
• Embryo:
  • Development of the embryo in dicots and monocots.
• Seed:
  • Structure of dicot and monocot seeds.
• Fruit:
  • Development and types of fruits.
• Apomixis and Polyembryony
  • Definitions and significance.

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Handwritten Notes – lesson summary

1. Flower being the reproductive organ of a plant, plays the most important role in the process of sexual reproduction.
2. Structure of a Flower:
   • Stalk: Holds the flower
   • Thalamus: Swollen upper portion of stalk
   • Petals: Colored parts of a flower which attracts insects
   • Sepals: Ensures protection
3. Pre-fertilization: structures & events:Events that take place before fertilization are termed as Pre-fertilization events. Following events would occur before actual fertilization takes place in a plant:
4. Microsporogenesis: Formation of microspores from a pollen mother cell (PMC) through meiosis is termed as Microsporogenesis.
5. Megasporangium: Megasporangium or Ovule is the structure inside ovary where megaspore formation takes place.
6. Megasporogenesis: Formation of megaspores is termed as Megasporogenesis. Megaspores are formed inside Megasporangium.
7. Pollination: Transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma is termed as Pollination.
8. Artificial Hybridization: Artificial hybridization is the process in which only desired pollen grains are used for pollination & fertilization.
9. Seed: Seed is a fertilized ovule. Integuments of ovule harden to form Seed coat, however micropyle is still present on the seed coat.

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